SAT(PEG)4 Thiolation and PEGylation Reagent

Thermo Scientific Pierce SAT(PEG)4 is a long-arm (18.2 angstroms), pegylated form of SATA, a sulfhydryl-addition reagent for covalent modification of primary amines to facilitate controlled, heterobifunctional crosslinking.

SAT(PEG)4 is the abbreviation for N-Succinimidyl S-acetyl(thiotetraethylene glycol), an amine-reactive reagent for PEGylating and adding sulfhydryl groups to proteins and other amine-containing molecules. Like SATA and other S-acetyl (SAT) reagents, SAT(PEG)4 is most frequently used in bioconjugation methods to incorporate sulfhydryl (–SH) groups into proteins as part of a two-step or heterobifunctional crosslinking strategy. The SAT group prevents oxidation of the sulfur atom but is easily removed by treatment with hydroxylamine when the unprotected sulfhydryl group is needed for conjugation. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer arm in SAT(PEG)4 minimizes steric hindrance and provides added solubility to the modified and conjugated molecules.

Highlights:

• Thiolate and PEGylate primary amines in one step
• Add sulfhydryl groups for heterobifunctional crosslinking without compromising protein solubility
• NHS-activated for efficient PEGylation of primary amines at pH 7-9; reaction of NHS-ester group results in formation of stable, irreversible amide bonds
• Pure compound with defined structure and molecular weight, ensuring reproducible protein-modification effects
• PEG spacer provides unique advantages, including increased stability, reduced tendency toward aggregation and reduced immunogenicity

Product Details:

Specific reactivity to primary amines (e.g., lysine residues in proteins) occurs via the N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester group. Spontaneous reaction in phosphate or other non-amine buffer at pH 7-9 results in formation of stable, covalent, amide bonds. Upon deprotection of the sulfhydryl group with hydroxylamine, molecules that have been modified with SAT(PEG)4 can be reacted with other proteins or surfaces that have been maleimide-activated with heterobifunctional crosslinkers like Sulfo-SMCC or SM(PEG)n Reagents.

Reaction and modification scheme for NHS-activated S-acetyl reagents.

Alternative Names for SAT(PEG)4:

• dPEG4 SATA
• PEG SATA
• S-acetyl-dPEG4
• PEO SATA
• SAT-PEO4

References:

1. Hermanson, G.T. (2008). Bioconjugate Techniques, Academic Press (Part No. 20036).

Related Products:

Hydroxylamine (for deprotecting sulfhydryl group)
SATA and SATP
SM(PEG)n heterobifunctional crosslinkers
Other kinds of PEGylation Reagents