Thermo Scientific Imject Freund's Adjuvants are 10mL ampules of complete (CFA) and incomplete (IFA) formulations of a popular nonspecific stimulator of the immune response for use in antibody production immunization protocols.
Imject Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA or CFA) and Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA or IFA) are convenient and ready-to-use. The water-and-oil emulsions (with and without inactivated Mycobacteria) greatly enhance immune responses to immunogens when mixed and injected with the prepared antigen. Typically, the complete adjuvant is used for initial injections and incomplete adjuvant is used for booster injections. The ampules comprise conveniently sized aliquots that provide long shelf life.
Highlights of Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA):
- Also called Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)
- Water-in-oil emulsion containing killed Mycobacterium
- Greatly enhances immune response to immunogen
- Typically used for initial injections
- Disadvantages: difficult to mix with immunogen and can cause tissue necrosis at injection site
Highlights of Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA):
- Also called Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA)
- Water-in-oil emulsion without Mycobacterium
- Enhances immune response in booster injections
- Typically used for subsequent boosts after initial injection with FCA
- Disadvantage: difficult to mix with immunogen
Product Details:
Adjuvants are nonspecific stimulators of the immune response. When mixed with an antigen or immunogen, adjuvants help to deposit or sequester the injected material thereby helping to increase antibody response. Adjuvants enhance the immune response to compounds that are already immunogenic; they do not confer immunogenicity to non-immunogenic haptens. To make prospective antigens more immunogenic, it is necessary to conjugate them to a carrier protein or some other complex, immunogenic molecule.
General References:
- Freund, J. (1956). The mode of action of immunologic adjuvants. Adv. Tuberc. Res. 7:130-148.
- Harlow, E. and Lane, D. (1988). Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, pp. 56-100.
Product References:
- Heymach, Jr., J.V., et al. (1995). The biosynthesis of neurotrophin heterodimers by transfected mammalian cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270:12297-12304.
- Smith, J.W. (1990). Purification and functional characterization of Integrin avß5. J. Biol. Chem. 265:11008-11013.
- Stanley, S., et al. (1995). Peptide-specific antibodies as probes of the topography of the voltage-gated channel in the mitochondrial outer membrane of Neurospora crassa. J. Biol. Chem. 270:16694-16700.
- La Cava, A., et al. (2000). Cell-mediated DNA transport between distant inflammatory sites following intradermal DNA immunization in the presence of adjuvant. J. Immunol. 164:1340-1345.
Related Resources:
Review of antibody production (immunogen preparation)
Related Products:
Imject Alum Adjuvant (does not require emulsification)
KLH, BSA and other Carrier Proteins
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